盘算机翻译会代替人工翻译吗？
如今，种种盘算机帮助翻译东西、翻译耳机、翻译使用步骤大行其道，让不懂外语的旅游者和商务事情者感遭到了便利快捷的翻译办事。但是，盘算机翻译会完全代替人工翻译吗？看看英国广播公司的报道怎样说。
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Put crottin de chèvre into Google Translate, and you’ll be told it means goat dung.
在谷歌翻译中输入crottin de chevre，它会报告你这个表达的意思是羊粪。
So if it appeared on a menu, you might pass. Alas, you would be ruling out a delicious cheese made of goat’s milk that is often served as a starter in France.
以是假如这个词显如今菜单上，你约莫会直接忽略。可惜的是，你约莫会因此错过一道美食。在法国，这个词指的是用山羊奶做的鲜味奶酪，常常被当作开胃菜。
starter [?stɑ?t?(r)]：n.第一道菜
Such misunderstandings are why Google admits that its free tool, used by about 500 million people, is not intended to replace human translators.
正是由于有如此的误译，谷歌供认这个约莫有5亿人使用的无偿东西并不方案代替人工翻译。
Tourists might accept a few misunderstandings because the technology is cheap and convenient. But when the stakes are higher, perhaps in business, law or medicine, these services often fall short.
游客约莫会承受一些误译，由于这种武艺便宜又便捷。但在商业、执法或医学等范畴，当风险加大时，这些翻译办事屡屡达不到要求。
“Using Google Translate can lead to some serious errors, especially when words have multiple meanings, which is often the case in fields such as law or engineering,” says Samantha Langley, a former lawyer who is now a court-approved French-to-English legal translator based in Meribel, France.
“使用谷歌翻译约莫会招致一些严峻的错误，尤其是当单词有多种涵义时，执法或工程等范畴常有这种情况，”在法国梅里贝尔事情的萨曼莎·兰利说。她曾是一名状师，如今是法院承认的法语-英语执法翻译。
That is not to say professional translators do not use computer assisted translation (CAT) tools. More sophisticated applications can help them take the donkey work out of repetitive translations.
这并不是说专业的翻译职员不使用盘算机帮助翻译东西。一些更繁复的使用步骤可以协助他们从反复单调的翻译事情中摆脱出来。
donkey work：艰苦单调而又无趣的事情
CATs are even used as part of modern language degree courses these days. So how good are they?
如今，古代言语学位课程乃至也在传授盘算机帮助翻译东西的使用。那么它们的后果毕竟怎样？
One of the most popular new tools is the so-called translation earpiece. Usually paired with a smartphone app, they pick up spoken foreign languages and translate them for the user.
此中一个最广泛使用的新东西就是是所谓的翻译耳机，通常经过智能手机使用步骤利用。耳时机将听到的外语给用户翻译出来。
“It has taken decades of research to create a framework of algorithms designed to recognise patterns in the same way as the human brain – a neural network,” says Andrew Ochoa, chief executive of US start-up Waverly Labs, which produces translation earpieces.
消费翻译耳机的美国初创企业韦弗利实行室的首席实行官安德鲁?奥乔亚说：“我们花了数十年的时间来研讨，以创建一个算法框架，该框架旨在以与人类大脑（神经网络）相反的办法来识别形式。”
“Combining that with speech recognition technology has allowed us to make a huge leap forward in terms of accuracy.”
“我们将其与语音识别武艺相团结，大幅提升了准确性。”
Brooke Cagle/unsplash
There’s no doubt that CAT tools have taken some of the hard grind out of text translations like instruction manuals or questionnaires, says Milan-based Paola Grassi, a professional translator for Wordbank, a global marketing and translation agency.
在米兰事情的保拉?格拉西是举世营销和翻译机构词汇库的专业翻译。她说，毫无疑问，盘算机帮助翻译东西以前接办了一些文本翻译的繁琐事情，好比分析书或观察询卷的翻译。
“Survey contents are among the most repetitive ones and a good CAT tool can hugely speed up the process,” she says.
“观察内容是最反复的内容之一，好的盘算机帮助翻译东西可以极大地增速翻译历程，”她说。
For meetings and conferences, wearable translators like Waverly’s are undoubtedly popular. But even this new generation tech, which combines speech recognition neural networks and internet-based translation engines, has limitations.
关于聚会会议来说，像韦弗利实行室产物如此的可穿着式翻译器无疑是很受接待的。但是，即使是这种团结了语音识别神经网络和基于互联网的翻译引擎的新一代武艺，也有范围性。
Users must wait at least a few seconds for a phrase to be translated, or more if the internet connection is poor.
用户必需等候最少几秒钟才干翻译出一个短语，假如网络毗连不佳，时间会更久。
And computers still lack the subtlety of human communication.
别的，盘算机仍旧难以翻译出人类交换的奇妙之处。
“Translation technology is undoubtedly a useful tool for certain content such as manuals,” says Zoey Cooper, brand and content director at Wordbank.
词汇库的品牌和内容主管佐伊?库珀说：“翻译武艺无疑是处理分析书等外容的有效东西。”
“But if you want to create a relationship with the reader, you need a human translator to make it sound natural and capture the sentiment, which often involves restructuring a sentence completely.”
“但是，假如你想和读者创建接洽，你必要人工翻译，让译文听起来更天然，惹起共鸣，这通常触及到重新构造语句。”
“I believe CAT tools hinder creativity,” says Antonio Navarro Gosálvez, an English-to-Spanish translator based in Alicante, Spain.
“我以为盘算机帮助翻译东西会拦阻创造力，”安东尼奥·纳瓦罗·戈萨韦兹说，他是西班牙阿利坎特的一名英语-西语翻译。
“If the tool shows you a partial translation match, I find it’s actually harder to discard part of the sentence and rebuild it than to just create something from scratch.”
“假如这个东西译出了一局部语句，我发觉舍弃局部语句兼顾新构造言语实践上比重新开头翻译要困忧伤多。”
from scratch：重新开头
Mr Ochoa thinks this problem could be resolved within the next 10 years.
奥乔亚以为，这个成绩可以在将来10年内取得处理。
“When it comes to expressing emotion and intonation, we need sentiment analysis, which is not there yet but may well be in ten years time,” he says.
他说：“在表达心情和语调时，我们必要心情分析，固然现在还无法做到，但十年内很约莫会完成。”
Foreign language skills are still in demand in the labour market.
劳作力市场仍旧必要外语武艺。
In the UK about 15% of the jobs posted on recruitment website Reed ask for a foreign language.
在英国，招聘网站Reed上约15%的职位要求懂一门外语。
New research from the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages shows 75% of manufacturing companies need employees with diverse language skills.
美外洋语教学委员会的最新研讨体现，75%的制造企业必要明白多种言语的员工。
Yet languages have fallen out of favour in UK schools.
但是，言语在英国学校已冷落。
Recent BBC analysis revealed drops of up to 50% in foreign language learning in secondary schools since 2013.
英国广播公司的最新分析体现，自2013年以来，中学的外语学习课程变小了50%。
The UK’s Department for Education is taking measures to halt the decline.
英国教导部正在接纳办法停止这一趋向。
“We are committed to ensuring more pupils are studying languages, which is why it is now compulsory in the national curriculum for all children between Years 3 and 9,” it said.
英国教导部称：“我们努力于确保更多的学生学习言语，因此依照课程要求，如今三年级至九年级的学生都必需学习言语。”
For Ms Cooper at least, speaking a foreign tongue remains a precious skill.
最少对库珀来说，懂一门外语仍旧是一项名贵的武艺。
“There are still lots of opportunities for language graduates, both in specialist translation and global marketing,” she said.
她说:“言语专业的毕业生仍有很多时机，无论是在专业翻译照旧举世营销方面。”
And even if you don’t use your language professionally, it has other benefits.
即使你在专业事情中用不到，也有其他利益。
“How can you get to know a country and embrace the culture if you don’t speak the language?” says Ms Cooper.
库伯说：“假如你不会说一个国度的言语，你怎样能了解这个国度、承受这个国度的文明呢？”
“Even with the voice-activated apps available, you will still miss out.”
“即使有声控的使用步骤，你照旧无法做到。”
英文泉源：BBC
翻译&编纂：yaning
泉源：中国日报网
